Políticas Públicas al Derecho

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://publicaciones.dejusticia.org/handle/dejusticia/19

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A hostile environment for peace mobilization: stigmatization and violence-justifying attitudes toward land rights advocates in Colombia
Isabel Güiza-Gómez; Abby Córdova
Despite signing a peace accord in 2016, Colombia remains one of the most dangerous countries for social mobilization for peace, democracy, and equality. Between 2016 and 2023, 1,804 social leaders and 351 ex-combatants were assassinated. However, there has been no strong or sustained public outcry in response to this violence. This policy brief presents findings from a research project examining public attitudes toward lethal violence against social leaders and ex-combatants, with a focus on stigmatization against these actors and violence-justifying beliefs and attitudes. Drawing on data from an online survey conducted in late 2023—which is representative of the urban population with internet access—the study shows that violence-justifying attitudes toward both unarmed civilians—who did not engage in insurgent action—and former guerrilla combatants depends largely on their demands. Although public opinion tends to be more favorable toward social leaders than ex-combatants, citizen perceptions of both groups become more negative when these actors advocate for structural reforms, particularly land redistribution. This is because social mobilization for land redistribution is often associated with wartime grievances and thus perceived as a threat to the existing social order. These findings show that redistributive peace commitments are seen as potentially destabilizing, which in turn reinforces stigma against actors who advocate for redistribution. The study draws policy and practice recommendations to counteract such stigmatization, prevent violence, and support the implementation of the peace accord.
A Human Rights Approach to Benefit-Sharing from the Use of Digital Sequence Information
Alex Reep
This policy brief outlines a human rights-based approach to the design and implementation of the multilateral mechanism and Cali Fund for benefit-sharing from the use of digital sequence information on genetic resources. Drawing on research conducted in Indigenous, Afro-descendant, and farming territories in Colombia, it highlights the urgent need for a fair and inclusive benefit-sharing system that recognizes the rights and contributions of Indigenous people and local communities (IP&LCs). This brief outlines critical recommendations for decision-making and advocacy in the wake of the 2024 United Nations Biodiversity Conference in an effort to ensure fair compensation and reciprocity for IP&LCs while addressing structural inequalities.
Executive Summary Fiscal Policy in the Regulation of Adult-Use Cannabis in Colombia
Alejandro Rodríguez Llach; Luis Felipe Cruz-Olivera; Isabel Pereira-Arana
The debate about regulating cannabis for adult use is on the public agenda. In our view, the best policy on marijuana that a State can develop is the regulation of its cultivation, manufacture and use, focused on reducing marijuana’s comparative impact in illegal economies and drug trafficking networks; protecting public health; promoting rural development in prioritized areas; and promoting reparation measures financed with the resources arising from regulation. Drugs are not the devil, but nor are they child’s play. A drug policy that would be respectful of human rights and safeguard public health must lie at an intermediate point between full liberalization and the prohibition currently in place. In this document, based on a comparative analysis of the regulations issued in Uruguay, Canada and the United States and by applying the Principles and Guidelines for Human Rights in Fiscal Policy, we argue for the importance of a fiscal framework based on collecting taxes in the cannabis market and focused on mobilizing the maximum amount of available resources to finance the goals of reducing the illegal market, preserving public health and assisting the populations affected by drug policy, as set forth in the cannabis regulations.
Fiscal Policy in the Regulation of Adult-Use Cannabis in Colombia
Alejandro Rodríguez Llach; Luis Felipe Cruz-Olivera; Isabel Pereira-Arana
The debate about regulating cannabis for adult use is on the public agenda. In our view, the best policy on marijuana that a State can develop is the regulation of its cultivation, manufacture and use, focused on reducing marijuana’s comparative impact in illegal economies and drug trafficking networks; protecting public health; promoting rural development in prioritized areas; and promoting reparation measures financed with the resources arising from regulation. Drugs are not the devil, but nor are they child’s play. A drug policy that would be respectful of human rights and safeguard public health must lie at an intermediate point between full liberalization and the prohibition currently in place. In this document, based on a comparative analysis of the regulations issued in Uruguay, Canada and the United States and by applying the Principles and Guidelines for Human Rights in Fiscal Policy, we argue for the importance of a fiscal framework based on collecting taxes in the cannabis market and focused on mobilizing the maximum amount of available resources to finance the goals of reducing the illegal market, preserving public health and assisting the populations affected by drug policy, as set forth in the cannabis regulations.
State Intelligence Gathering on the Internet and Social Media: The Case of Colombia
Lucía Camacho Gutiérrez; Daniel Ospina-Celis; Juan Carlos Upegui Mejía
La inteligencia estatal hace mucho que se trasladó a la internet y las redes sociales. Esto, por supuesto, representa riesgos adicionales al ejercicio del derecho a la privacidad en línea que ya enfrenta serios obstáculos por cuenta de prácticas nocivas que desempeñan otros actores. En esta investigación ofrecemos una primera aproximación sobre dicha materia a través del caso de las “Carpetas Secretas” publicado en 2020 por Revista Semana, que da cuenta de cómo la inteligencia colombiana explota las publicaciones en redes sociales, así como la información pública disponible en internet con la intención de monitorear y perfilar a las personas. La aproximación que ofrece este texto advierte que los límites de la legislación son más bien exiguos, y que la autorregulación de las agencias de inteligencia es casi inexistente pese a demostrar, al tiempo, una mayor claridad sobre los datos en internet y redes sociales que les resultan de interés. Nuestra propuesta parte por afirmar la importancia del derecho a la privacidad en el mundo digital incluso de cara al Estado. Creemos que, en la discusión sobre los límites deseables, las reflexiones que han surgido respecto al monitoreo pasivo del espectro electromagnético y la interceptación de las comunicaciones, ofrecen lecciones valiosas con las cuales se podría abordar mejor el impacto de la inteligencia en línea. Esperamos con esta publicación abrir la discusión sobre un tema cuyos retos éticos y legales merecen la atención de la comunidad usuarios de la Red, así como de la comunidad jurídica.